The use of renewable energy sources (Sun, wind and water) for generation of electricity is insufficient to meet the ever-increasing energy demand. Therefore, the importance and necessity of other renewable energy sources, such as fuel cells, were highlighted in the world economy and energy forums. The research and developtment of the fuel cells technology and improvement of their performance are extensively studied worldwide. The main problem is the high cost of fuel cells what the main cost-deriver is the platinum. The ICatSE project addresses the issue by developing wood-derived nanocarbon-based materials from the renewable and biological resources – wood biomass, with the aim to obtain low-cost, environmentally friendly graphene. The obtained low-cost wood-derived nanocarbon-based catalyst materials have the potential to achieve the goals of a low carbon economy, for example, to replace the platinum in low-temperature fuel cells.